Monday, June 18, 2012

Hormone: Definition and Its Type


Definition:

Hormone is a chemical substance secreted directly in to the body fluid by a cell or a group of cells or glands which exerts physiological controlling function on other cells or organ of the body.


Chemistry of hormone:

Chemically hormones are three types –
1. Steroid hormone:
a. Adrenal cortex hormone e.g. cortisol, Aldosterone.
b. Hormone of ovaries e.g. Estrogen, Progesterone.
c. Hormone of testes e.g. Testosterone.

2. Derivatives of amino acid tyrosine:
a. Thyroid gland hormone e.g. Thyroxin (T4), Tri-iodothyronin (T3).
b. Adrenal medullary hormone e.g. Adrenalin, nor adrenalin, dopamine

3. Protein or polypeptide hormones:
a. Posterior pituitary hormone / small polypeptide hormone. e.g. ADH (number of amino acid is 8), Oxytocin.
b. Large polypeptide hormone (number of amino acid is >10); e.g. Insulin, Glucagon, Parathormone.
c. Most hypothalamic hormone
d. Hormones of anterior pituitary – LH, GH etc.

Published by : Dr. Mahmud // 11:50 PM
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